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![]() Information on current nationality and nationality at birth.įoreigners and immigrants form two different categories. Or foreign and, among French citizens, those who were born FrenchĪnd those who have been naturalized. Inhabitants are distinguished by their nationality, i.e. With French nationality and immigrants, who are born with a Inhabitants, a distinction is generally made between persons born Of inhabitants who were born outside France. Population censuses provide an opportunity to count the number With its research units, the Institute promotes communication and exchange within the scientific community and between researchers and the general public while conducting numerous European and international research projects. INED’s approach to demography is resolutely open and interdisciplinary, implicating a wide range of disciplines including economics, history, geography, sociology, anthropology, biology and epidemiology. The Institute’s missions are to study the populations of France and other countries, to ensure wide dissemination of the knowledge thereby acquired, and to provide training in research through research. INED was founded in 1945, and in 1986 it acquired the status of an Etablissement Public à Caractère Scientifique et Technologique (EPST), meaning that it is under joint administrative supervision of the "Ministère de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche", of the "Ministère de la santé et de la prévention et du Ministère des solidarités, de l’autonomie et des personnes handicapées". ![]() ![]() ![]() unprotected or fluid-bonded sex, typically involving one partner ejaculating inside the other. 22 Super-Hot (and Comfy) Pregnancy Sex PositionsĪ breeding kink refers to being into sex that could result in pregnancy-i.e.For some people, it might be the round belly, whereas for other, it could be the lactation-whether it’s the actual act of breastfeeding or the milk itself, explains sexuality professional and mental health clinician Shanae Adams. Pregnancy fetishĪs the name suggests, a pregnancy fetish is having an intense sexual attraction to some or all aspects of pregnancy. Not the same thing as objectification, those with objectum fantasies have sexual relationships with or attraction to inanimate objects. For example, someone who wants to be erotically hypnotized to see themselves as a sex doll or object would have an objectification kink (or fetish, if that's the only way they can get off). ObjectificationĪs a kink or fetish, objectification refers to arousal by being dehumanized. This can range from tossing on a tie and pretending to be the boss of your partner, channeling your favorite TV character, or even creating a whole character-filled scenario. Role-playing is one of the most common kinks and involves playing characters outside of your day-to-day lives, usually as part of a sex scene. So if you want to learn more about a particular term, just follow the links for tons more info on these kinks and how they're practiced. This also means there’s a lot more nuance to many of these kinks and fetishes than we were able to get into in this glossary-hi, we had a lot of ground to cover! The good news? We’ve explored many of these topics extensively in separate articles of their own, which we've linked throughout. Naturally, there tends to be a lot of crossover between kinks and fetishes because-as is true of sexuality in general-the way we experience our unique sexual interests and behaviors is nuanced, and the way we talk about them is constantly evolving. "A kink enhances play, while a fetish is integral to it.” “A fetish is similar to a kink, but it is typically something that is needed in order for arousal to occur,” Rosen explains, adding that some fetishists consider their fetish to be as inherent to their sexual identity as their sexual orientation. It’s also important to note that while there’s a lot of overlap between kinks and fetishes, they’re not the same thing. My Mother’s Death Made Me Unspeakably Horny. ![]() ![]() ![]() Some monsters, like Gigginox and Great Girros, spawn minions. If you haven't played it, here are the tropes it uses: Check out our Discord! Suggestions and feedback Message the Moderators r/Games: A place for informative and interesting gaming content and discussions. r/gamedevclassifieds: A game development classified section to help you find talent, or to help the talent find you. r/indiegaming: The place for all news and developments in the Indie gaming community. r/themakingofgames: For all 'behind the scenes' content of your favorite games. r/devblogs: The latest blog posts from your favorite game development bloggers. ![]() r/GameSociety: reddit's "book club" for games. r/ludology: For the serious discussion and analysis of games played on a computer, board, field or any other interactive media. r/tabletopgamedesign: All things related to designing tabletop RPGs, wargames, board, and card games. r/gamedev: All things related to game development, programming, math, art, music, collaboration. If your post isn't related to game rule crafting, consider posting in one of the following subreddits: Please report any submissions or comments violating these rules using the report button. Show-off posts are only allowed as game design case studies (Tell us how/ why you developed an interesting game design concept in your game)ģ) DO NOT link to an article or video without providing a short summary. All submissions must be related to Game Design.Ģ) DO NOT post self-promotion, job posts, sales, surveys, polls, low-effort posts, memes, jokes, etc. "how do I fix this problem in Unity?" or "how do I get a job in the game industry?" Try /r/gamedev instead. Posting rulesġ) DO NOT post about general Game Development, e.g. If you're new to /r/GameDesign, please read the GameDesign wiki for useful resources and an FAQ. Game Designers of all experience levels are welcome! Posts about visual art, sound design and level design are only allowed if they are also related to game design. Posts about programming, making assets, picking engines etc… will be removed and should go in /r/gamedev instead. This is NOT a place for discussing how games are produced. If you're confused about what game designers do, "The Door Problem" by Liz England is a short article worth reading. It's about the theory and crafting of mechanics and rulesets. Game Design is a subset of Game Development that concerns itself with WHY games are made the way they are. ![]() ![]() Tip# 7: Keep Your Device Up-to-dateĪside from the application, you must also check whether your mobile device is updated to its latest version. You can check whether your app has been updated by checking whether it is needed in the app store. If the app is not updated, it could have bugs already fixed. Tip# 6: Update To The Latest Version of WhatsappĪnother possible reason your voice messages are not working could be that your WhatsApp application is not updated to the latest version. Remove your screen protector and see if you can hear your audio this time. ![]() The good thing about modern phones is that they have a proximity sensor, and when we put screen protectors on our phones, Whatsapp picks that up and plays the voice message through the earpiece instead of the speaker. Tip# 5: Remove Your Phone’s Screen Protector If you play it back and no sound comes out, you might need to change your microphone as it might be broken. To solve WhatsApp voice messages not working, you can check if your mic works by opening the voice recording application on your phone and recording something. If you are trying to send a voice message and cannot hear anything back, maybe your phone’s mic has a problem. Put your phone at a higher volume level and check if the voice messages will work. This could also be another issue you might have missed, and maybe your phone is set to the lowest volume setting. Once done, you can check if the voice messages are working. You can also try this quick troubleshooting by simply doing a restart for your phone. Tip# 2: Restart your mobile phoneĪ lot of issues can be solved by just restarting your phone. You can also try to go to a website if the site loads, you are connected to the internet. You can check your phone or computer’s connectivity by checking if you are connected to any Wi-Fi or cellular network. First, ensure your phone or computer is connected to the internet. ![]() One of the easiest ways to check why your voice messages on Whatsapp are not working is to check your network connection status. Part 1: 11 Ways to Fix WhatsApp Voice Message Not Working Issue Tip# 1: Check your network connection status Part 2: How to Transfer WhatsApp Audio Messages from Android to iPhone? ![]() ![]() ![]() "We prefer to use the term 'color deficiency,' since it is extremely rare to have color blindness, where a person sees the world in only 'black and white,'" Hertle says. What is color deficiency disorder in kids?įirst things first: When referring to "color blindness" in kids (or adults, for that matter), what we're likely referring to is actually "color deficiency," Richard Hertle, MD, FAAO, FACS, FAAP, chief of pediatric ophthalmology and director of the Vision Center at Akron Children's Hospital, tells Scary Mommy. ![]() Here's what you should know about how a child gets tested for color blindness (aka color deficiency), including the age at which tests can detect the condition. The catch? As with many things in life, not all color blind tests are created equal. On the plus side, that means you won't have to wait around for years to find out if this is something that is impacting your child. And, yes, there are several out there that can be used to determine whether a child sees colors differently. In some cases, this could be a sign that your child may have some sort of color deficiency disorder - a condition that exists on a spectrum but is often incorrectly referred to as "color blindness." In your quest to help your child, you may be wondering if there is such a thing as a color blind test for kids. And when it comes to challenges with colors, it may be more complicated than your child taking a little longer to learn their names. ![]() This could be everything from speech and language skills, to cognitive development, to being able to recognize and identify different shapes and colors. As a parent, it can be hard to watch your child struggle with something that most of their friends and peers have no problem doing. ![]() ![]() ![]() Font Embedding involves picking the Embed fonts file. You may save your work in the dialog box by clicking Save under Output and Sharing. Select Preferences from the application’s menu (PowerPoint or Word). Please look at the readme-files in the archives or check the indicated author's website for details, and contact him/her if in doubt. The licence mentioned above the download button is just an indication. You may choose any font from Adobe Kit and change the font of the text you desire to alter (or you may refer to step 3).īy opening a file, you may embed typefaces in it. The fonts presented on this website are their authors' property, and are either freeware, shareware, demo versions or public domain. If you have many fonts on your computer, use the Typekit Font Filter button to discover your new font quickly. How to add all your LaTeX fonts to Adobe Illustrator: Copy the hole directory: C:Program FilesMiKTeXfonts into the directory: C:Program FilesAdobeAdobe Illustrator CC (64 Bit)Support FilesRequiredFonts (just the hole thing, dont bother looking for the right one) Write the equations in your LaTeX editor and generate a pdf of it. In Illustrator, go to the Font menu and choose your new Typekit font. Using the Properties panel on the right, you can change the font, style, and size. Drag and drop the text to select the section, or place your cursor in the text and hit Control+A. When you find a font style you like, choose it and click Sync to save it to your computer. Step 3: Click your preferred font style and size One of the simplest ways to download and use fonts in Adobe Illustrator is to install them directly on your computer.Here you will find a variety of fonts, from simple sans serifs to more complex serifs. We have a wide selection of fonts, and all of them are of high quality. Alternatively, use the top search bar to find a font. There are many places on the Internet where you can find free fonts to download, but our site is one of the best. Select a Classification type, such as Serif or Sans Serif. With your text chosen, under the Properties tab, under Character, click the Font Family drop-down option and choose Add Fonts from Typekit.īrowse through the large selection of typefaces or narrow your search. Proceed to add a new font from the large Adobe Typekit collection, which is available with your Adobe Creative Cloud subscription. One way to add new fonts to Adobe Illustrator is by downloading them from a font website and installing them on your computer. ![]() ![]() ![]() Tabby cats are still very intelligent, so it’s important to spend a lot of time playing with her and using engaging toys to mentally challenge her. Installing a cat tree or cat perch will encourage your tabby to be more involved. You can also ensure that your pet receives her shots and has routine check-ups from your veterinarian, including dental examinations. You should still have clean water on hand. Don’t overfeed her with sweets to avoid spoiling her. You must serve your pet foods that have been accepted and recommended by your veterinarian. If your tabby cat is getting balanced meals and adequate physical and emotional treatment, this is a vital consideration that decides her lifespan. Try to keep the tabby cats indoors as much as possible to guarantee that they enjoy a long and comfortable life.Ī little fun excitement now and then won’t hurt, as long as your pets have access to a safe cat enclosure or catio. This is because their lives are often disrupted by racing vehicles, dogs, or battles with wild cats. Since she is healthy inside your house, an indoor cat has a greater chance of surviving for 20 years or more.Ĭats that spend much of their time indoors, or even those who live with pet owners but are allowed to go outside unsupervised, live much shorter lives on average. Spending Much Of Its Time Indoors But Also Ventures Outside Must Read: Do Outdoor Cats Live Longer? 2. ![]() On a black cat sitting in bright light, such underlying tabby marks are often seen. Many factors affect cat longevity, but certain genes are recessive in some species or have been engineered by selective breeding to develop or dilute distinct traits.Ĭolour and pattern are two genes that can mutate and show unexpected results because even a pure black cat can be a tabby with the pattern contained within the color. Unfortunately, certain cats have shorter lifespans, such as the Selkirk Rex and Manx tabbies, who only survive for eight to fourteen years on average. Burmese tabbies, for example, have a lifetime of 18 to 25 years. These cats are much healthier and have fewer health problems. The following are some of the most important factors that influence a tabby cat’s survival and lifespan:īurmese, Siamese, Savannah, and British Shorthair tabby cats have longer lifespans than most tabby cat breeds. Tabby cats will live for up to 20 years, depending on a variety of conditions. Crème Puff was born in 1967 and died three days after turning 38 in Austin, Texas.Īlso, check out why are orange tabby cats so affectionate Factors That Influence The Lifespan Of A Tabby Cat There are also cats that live to be 20 years old.Ĭrème Puff was the world’s longest-living cat, according to The Guinness Book of World Records. They could be struck by a vehicle, attacked by other creatures, or afflicted with leukemia or other lethal diseases.īecause of the care and security, they get from their owners, indoor cats live twice as long as outdoor cats. ![]() This is assuming they don’t leave the house.īecause of the dangers they face as they go outside, cats that have access to the outside and are free to roam have a shorter lifespan. Lifespan Of General Catsĭomestic cats have a life expectancy of 14 to 16 years on average. This means that cats that are kept indoors live longer. Speeding cars, dogs, and viruses from other feral animals are also threats to outdoor cats. Sure, it’ll be a fun way to get more exercise, but it’ll probably do more harm than good. We cannot stress enough how dangerous it is for cats to be allowed to wander freely outdoors. These illnesses are the leading causes of indoor cats living shorter lives. This is because, if they are not properly cared for, they will experience heart conditions such as heart disease, asthma, diabetes, and even leukemia if they are not properly cared for. Otherwise, even though they are not exposed to outdoor cats’ mortality causes, they will live shorter lives. The more they live, the more you feed and care for them. The amount of healthy food, exercise, and treatment that cats need, much like humans, determines their remarkably long life span. Many of these are descended from domestic cats’ wild ancestors.Ĭats with tabby markings and patterns have the same estimated lifetime as any other cat breed – 14 to 16 years.Īlthough some breeds survive longer than others, tabby marks have no bearing on a cat’s life expectancy.įemale cats live longer than male cats, according to studies but, unlike tortoiseshell cats, tabbies may be either male or female.įind out more details: Do Female Cats Live Longer Than Male Cats? Tabby refers to the cat’s body style of stripes, spots, and swirls, as well as the characteristic “M” on the cat’s forehead. ![]() While certain cat breeds do not resemble tabbies, they do carry the “tabby” gene. ![]() ![]() ![]() At least two of these must be responses to other students' messages.Įxercises and assignments: Exercises from the textbook and other assignments will be collected occasionally, but not every time. R tutorial without a very good reason, frequent tardiness, obvious lack of preparation not participating in discussions, not participating in e-mail discussions (see below), frequently sleeping in class (particularly if you snore), eating noisy food in clĮ-mail discussion: to promote the use of this avenue of communication, each student is required to send at least four (4) PERTINENT messages to the class e-mail list. Your grade for class participation will be adversely affected by the following (this is not an exhaustive list): Missing class o NOTE: Your grade will be calculated on a strictly numerical basis and converted to letter grades on the following scale: 93-100 = A 89-92 = A- 85-88=B+ 81-84 = B 77-80 = B- 74-76 = C+ 71-73 = C 68-70 = C- 64-67 = D+ 60-63 = D 55-59= D- BelowĬlass participation: Includes attendance, preparation, participation in discussion, cooperative attitude. For each UNEXCUSED absence over the two absences allowed (see "Attendance Policy" below) you will lose one percentage point from your final grade average, and if you have more that five (5) unexcuseĭ absences, you will be given an "F" for the course! NOTE WELL: Attendance is also required in this class. ![]() Your grade will be calculated as follows: Goldman & Szymansky, English Grammar for Students of Latin May, Thirty-Eight Latin Stories (FIFTH EDITION, Bolchazy-Carducci, 1995)Ī. (SIXTH EDITION, HarperCollins, 1995).Ī.H. Wheelock, Wheelock's Latin, Revised by R.A. ![]() Even for those students, attendance at tutorial is highly recommended.į.M. Pt for those who earn a grade of "A" (93% or better) on TWO consecutive quizzes. This will also be a time for you to ask for more help on things that you are having trouble with. Ls and exercises and read from the Thirty-Eight Stories book for practice reading extended passages in Latin. In these sessions we will do additional dril The time and place for this tutorial will be determined after the first week of classes, once we all know what our schedules look like. Tin that gradually get closer and closer to real Latin.Ībout the Tutorial Section: All students must sign up concurrentlyįor Latin 101L01, which is a tutorial session that meets once per week. We will also get plenty of practice reading continuous paragraphs of La In the first semester we will cover the first 21 chapters of the main textbook, Wheelock's Latin, focusing on the fundamentals of grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation. Mportant people who wrote in Latin include the famous politicians Julius Caesar and Cicero, poets Vergil, Ovid and Catullus, the historians Livy and Tacitus and early Christian writers such as Sts. Latin was the language of Rome and the Roman Empire and an international language of learning, law, religion and culture up until recent times. This course will introduce you to one of the most important languages in the history of the world. Instructor's e-mail address: Description: Tutorial (Lat 101L 01) time and place: TBAĬlass e-mail list: (click HERE to find out how to subscribe) About the Tutorial Section (Latin 101L 01)Į-mail: hours: MWF 11-12 a.m. ![]() ![]() ![]() Notice, also, that the instrument appears to be supported easily with one hand. Look at the length of the trombone, for example, relative to the size of the heads nearby, or relative to the hand holding it. This instrument appears to be relaitvely small and is perhaps an alto trombone. 1550-Netherlands: Artist Martin van Heemskerck includes a trombone-playing muse in his panel painting, Apollo and the Muses (see black and white detail and full image below public domain wikimedia commons) (New Orleans Museum of Art). The Duke orders, among other supplies, “4 tenor trombone mouthpieces” and “1 crook of a fourth for the quart-trombone.” Neuschel, in turn, attempts to sell Duke Albrecht numerous additional instruments and parts, including “1 silver trombone with a crook of a fourth, for use with voices and instruments” and “5 trombones, which are tuned together and from which a tenor trombone may be made into a bass or an alto” (Downey, From the Rim 8).Ĭ. Given the early date, the image may simply represent an artist’s attempt at a trombone rather than a specific depiction of an alto trombone.ġ6th century-Poland: A sixteenth-century inventory includes “one large quart sackbut” and “Three small sackbuts” (Przybyszewska-Jarminska, Baroque part I, 65).ġ6th century-Toledo, Spain: A fresco located in the courtyard called “de la Mona” at the Convent of las Comendadoras del Apóstol Santiago features numerous angel musicians, including an angel playing an instrument diminutive enough in proportion to its player to be an alto trombone or smaller (see detail and full image below public domain).ġ541-Duke Albrecht of Prussia, who evidently employs trombonists, has an interesting exchange with prominent brass instrument maker George Neuschel of Nuremberg. The sculpture is now held in Florence’s Museo Nazionale Bargello.ġ496-Venice, Italy: Gentile Bellini’s Procession in Piazza San Marco (Venice, Accademia) depicts a wind band with an instrument that appears to be an alto trombone notice, in particular, the size of the trombone relative to the player’s body (see below detail public domain). 1550, 16th century) (see 2 details and wider view below public domain) (Carl, Benedetto da Maiano 1:359). Aldegrever-1538 and Anonymous Nuremberg-c. Bellini detail-1496, below), and the banners apparently attached to the slides (cf. Noteworthy aspects of the rendering include the non-underhand left-hand grip of the 2 players, the relatively small size of the trombone (cf. ![]() Although the sculpture is badly damaged, a full trombone is visible in the hands of one of the brass players, and the embouchure and grip of another player are clearly visible. According to other scholars, it is more likely, based on performer nationalities and manufacturing locations, that the trombone originates in Germany (Herbert, Susato 117 Polk, Archival Documents).ġ400-1420-According to Polk, “The trombone, though not yet universal, an accepted fact of the musical scene in the first few decades of the fifteenth century” (Polk, German 66).ġ494-97-Italy: Benedetto da Maiano’s high relief marble sculpture, The Coronation of Alfonso II, features what are probably 3 trombone players. 1400-The earliest trombones, according to some scholars, appear in northern Italy and southern France (Eliason). ![]() ![]() In addition, the timeline utilizes numerous current secondary sources, including Early Music, Historic Brass Society Journal, Galpin Society Journal, and a number of recently-published books. If you notice a source in the timeline that you feel has been somehow discredited or improperly vetted, by all means, let me know, and I will consider correcting or deleting the related entry.Ĭ. The timeline below draws from more than 100 primary sources, which is, chances are, more primary sources than any other single document on the alto trombone (with the possible exception of bibliographies). Why? Because they bring readers closer to actual documented facts rather than individual interpretations and opinions. For sources see Alto Trombone History Bibliography.Ī note on sources: In historical research, primary sources are gold. A history of the alto trombone in timeline form. ![]() |
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